Rabu, 19 April 2017

Active and Passive sentences

Name               : Aisyah Rizana Rahmah
NPM               : 10213505
Class                : 4-EA-18

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE SENTENCES
Active sentences describes a sentence where the subject performs the action stated by the verb.  In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active. Accessed from http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html and http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html April 19th, 2017.
Passive Sentences describe a sentences subject is acted upon by the verb. the subject is being acted on by the verb and the subject typically comes after the action.
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action
But I think the active sentence is a sentence that the subject is active and related to the object being done and whose sentence does not need to be accompanied again with the verb while the passive sentence is the opposite of the sentence that states the subject is not active or doing activities but must be accompanied again with the verb.

 Pattern of Active and passive sentences
·         Active Sentences
[Thing doing action]+[verb]+[thing receiving action]
                                         Or
S + V (kata kerja yang disesuaikan dengan tenses-nya) + O


·         Passive Sentences
[Thing receiving action]+[be]+[past participle of verb]+[by]+[thing doing action]
                                                                 Or
                                     S + be + past participle + (by agent)/O
       
       *by agent : orang yang melakukan tindakan

Characteristic features of active and passive Sentences  
Active Sentences
·         In the active voice the subject to perform any act directly on the object.
·         Active sentences pattern S-P-O-K or S-P-K Predicate active sentence always begins with a particle Me- or Ber-.
·         Active sentences need the object, Having received the title plus a supplementary subject or description.
Passive sentences
·         to be + V3 and word-by (the word is not a requirement that must exist in the passive voice)
·         Which can be used as a passive sentence is Verbal Sentence (sentence predicate verb / V)
·         Verbal sentence that can be changed to Passive Voice (passive voice) is a sentence that has the object of patients.
                     
The pattern of active and passive voice in the tense
·         If the active voice in the simple present tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is is, am or
·         If the active voice in perfect continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is (has / have) been + being.
·         If the active voice in the past perfect continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is had been + being.
·         If the active voice in the future continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is will be + being.
·         If the active voice in the past future continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is would be + being.
·         If the active voice in the future perfect continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is will have been + being.
·         If the active voice in the past future perfect continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is would have been + being
·         If the active voice in the simple past tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is was or were
·         If the active voice in the present perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice of his was been placed after the auxiliary has or would have, so that a 'has been' or 'have been'
·         If the active voice in the past perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice of his was been placed after the auxiliary had, thus becoming had been
·         If the active voice in the simple future tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is be
·         If the active voice in the future perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice of his was been placed after the auxiliary will have, so it becomes 'will have been'
·         If the active voice in the past future perfect tense, then 'be' passive voice of his was been placed after the auxiliary would have, thus becoming 'would have been'
·         If the active voice in the present continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his was (is, am or are) +
·         If the active voice in the past continuous tense, then 'be' passive voice of his is (was or were) + being.
Transitive and Intransitive Verb
·         Transitive Verb
      Transitive verb is a verb object in the hearts That requires a sentence. The object can be either a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun.
Example : I Likes Strawberry
                 Likes is a transitive verb
                 Strawberry is a shaped object of noun
·         Intransitive Verb
         Intransitive verb is a verb that does not need the object. Without the presence of the object to the verb intransitive, it still implies that we can digest.
Example : Peter Crying or He arrived
                 Peter and He is a Subject
                 Crying and Arrived is a Intransitive Verb
        We can equip it with the all sentence with adverb example Peter crying every morning and He arrived last night.

·         Simple Present Tense
Active  : S + V1 + O
Passive : S + is/am/are + V3 + ….
Example : A : She writes the memo carefully.
      P : The memo is/are written carefully.
·         Simple Past Tense
Active   : S + V2 + O
Passive  : S + was/were + V3 + ….
Example : A : She wrote the memo carefully.
                  P : The memo was/were written carefully.
·         Present Continues/Progresive
Active  : S + is/am/are + V-ing + O
Passive  : S + is/am/are + being + V3 + …
Example : A : She is writing the memo carefully.
      P : The memo is/are being written carefully.
·         Past Progresive Tense/Past Continues Tense
Active  : S + was/were + V-ing + O
            Passive  : S + was/were + being + V3 + …
            Example : A : She was writing the memo carefully.
                              P : The memo was being written carefully.
·         Present Perfect Tense
Active  : S + has/have + V3 + O
Passive : S + has/have + been + V3 + …
Example : A : She has writing the memo carefully.
                  P : The memo has been writing carefully.
·         Past Perfect Tense
Active  : S + had + V3 + O
Passive : S + had + been + V3 + …
Example : A : She had writing the memo carefully.
                  P : The memo had been writing carefully.
·         Auxsallaries/help
Modals + be + V-3
Example : A: She should bring her phone to call her sister
                 P : Her phone should be brought by her to call her sister

            In my opinion it easier to make active and passive sentences and change both of the active sentence into a passive or otherwise use Simple Present Tense because it uses direct v1 and objects as well as his passive only use is / am / are as its object and its v3 as a verb. usually the action is happening so much easier to understand

Passive question of TOEFL
1. The meeting was supposed to be held yesterday, but it has been ______ to next Thursday.
    A. taken off
    B. worn off
    C. put off
    D. called off
Jawaban : C
Keyword :
 supposed to be held yesterday
2. Black, red, and even bright pink diamonds _____

    A. Occasionally to find
    B. Occasionally found
    C. Have occasionally been found
    D. Have occasionally found
Jawaban : C
Keyword : diamonds
3. _____ were first viewed through telescope by Galileo.
    A. Jupiter has four moons
    B. Jupiter’s four moons
    C. Jupiter surrounded by four moons
    D. Surrounded by four moons, Jupiter
Jawaban : B
Keyword : were first viewed
4. The Supreme Court does not hear a case unless _____, except those involving foreign ambassadors.
    A. A trial
    B. Already tried
    C. It already trying
    D. It has already been tried
Jawaban : D
Keyword : unless
5. _____ occasions for congratulations.

    A. Birthdays that usually considered
    B. Usually considering birthdays
    C. Birthdays are usually considered
    D. That considered birthdays usually
Jawaban : C
Keyword : occasions
6. Arabic is studied in Insantama elementari school. Passive voice
7. They are reading the holy Qur’an.. Active voice
8. These computers are produced in Indonesia. Passive voice
9. his wallet was fallen. Passive voice

10. Bimo likes to eat banana. Active voice

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